Analysis of body language in the novel "Al-Shahaz" by Najib Mahfouz based on the theory of Paul Ekman and Walsh Friesen with three approaches (origin, coding, application).

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Arabic language and literature. Foreign languages.Wali Asr (AS).Iran

2 Arabic language and literature. Foreign languages. Waliasr (Aj).Rafsanjan. Iran

Abstract

Non-verbal communication is a communication that conveys concepts and meanings through non-verbal and speech. messages
Non-verbal messages are more powerful than verbal messages. Body language, non-verbal communication and
It is our non-verbal communication that we use in each of our interactions with others. Body language included
People's messages are with looks, facial expressions and gestures that help the reader to understand the text in literary texts.
slow "Paul Ekman" and "Walce Friesen" have done extensive research in the field of non-verbal activities
Their goal is to better understand people's emotions and behavior. They non-verbal activities in three ways
They have analyzed "origin-encoding-use". This research with descriptive-analytical method based on approaches
Mentioned from "Ekman and Friesen" body language in the novel Al-Shahaz, which is the work of Najib Mahfouz, including; face language
The language of gaze and head gestures has been described and examined. The results obtained from the analysis of language samples
The body in this novel shows that the origin of facial language, which has a high frequency in the novel, is intrinsic.
Its encoding is instinctive and its use is informational.

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